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connection.py
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from __future__ import absolute_import import datetime import logging import os import sys import socket from socket import error as SocketError, timeout as SocketTimeout import warnings from .packages import six from .packages.six.moves.http_client import HTTPConnection as _HTTPConnection from .packages.six.moves.http_client import HTTPException # noqa: F401 try: # Compiled with SSL? import ssl BaseSSLError = ssl.SSLError except (ImportError, AttributeError): # Platform-specific: No SSL. ssl = None class BaseSSLError(BaseException): pass try: # Python 3: # Not a no-op, we're adding this to the namespace so it can be imported. ConnectionError = ConnectionError except NameError: # Python 2: class ConnectionError(Exception): pass from .exceptions import ( NewConnectionError, ConnectTimeoutError, SubjectAltNameWarning, SystemTimeWarning, ) from .packages.ssl_match_hostname import match_hostname, CertificateError from .util.ssl_ import ( resolve_cert_reqs, resolve_ssl_version, assert_fingerprint, create_urllib3_context, ssl_wrap_socket ) from .util import connection from ._collections import HTTPHeaderDict log = logging.getLogger(__name__) port_by_scheme = { 'http': 80, 'https': 443, } # When updating RECENT_DATE, move it to # within two years of the current date, and no # earlier than 6 months ago. RECENT_DATE = datetime.date(2016, 1, 1) class DummyConnection(object): """Used to detect a failed ConnectionCls import.""" pass class HTTPConnection(_HTTPConnection, object): """ Based on httplib.HTTPConnection but provides an extra constructor backwards-compatibility layer between older and newer Pythons. Additional keyword parameters are used to configure attributes of the connection. Accepted parameters include: - ``strict``: See the documentation on :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.HTTPConnectionPool` - ``source_address``: Set the source address for the current connection. .. note:: This is ignored for Python 2.6. It is only applied for 2.7 and 3.x - ``socket_options``: Set specific options on the underlying socket. If not specified, then defaults are loaded from ``HTTPConnection.default_socket_options`` which includes disabling Nagle's algorithm (sets TCP_NODELAY to 1) unless the connection is behind a proxy. For example, if you wish to enable TCP Keep Alive in addition to the defaults, you might pass:: HTTPConnection.default_socket_options + [ (socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1), ] Or you may want to disable the defaults by passing an empty list (e.g., ``[]``). """ default_port = port_by_scheme['http'] #: Disable Nagle's algorithm by default. #: ``[(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)]`` default_socket_options = [(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)] #: Whether this connection verifies the host's certificate. is_verified = False def __init__(self, *args, **kw): if six.PY3: # Python 3 kw.pop('strict', None) # Pre-set source_address in case we have an older Python like 2.6. self.source_address = kw.get('source_address') if sys.version_info < (2, 7): # Python 2.6 # _HTTPConnection on Python 2.6 will balk at this keyword arg, but # not newer versions. We can still use it when creating a # connection though, so we pop it *after* we have saved it as # self.source_address. kw.pop('source_address', None) #: The socket options provided by the user. If no options are #: provided, we use the default options. self.socket_options = kw.pop('socket_options', self.default_socket_options) # Superclass also sets self.source_address in Python 2.7+. _HTTPConnection.__init__(self, *args, **kw) def _new_conn(self): """ Establish a socket connection and set nodelay settings on it. :return: New socket connection. """ extra_kw = {} if self.source_address: extra_kw['source_address'] = self.source_address if self.socket_options: extra_kw['socket_options'] = self.socket_options try: conn = connection.create_connection( (self.host, self.port), self.timeout, **extra_kw) except SocketTimeout as e: raise ConnectTimeoutError( self, "Connection to %s timed out. (connect timeout=%s)" % (self.host, self.timeout)) except SocketError as e: raise NewConnectionError( self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e) return conn def _prepare_conn(self, conn): self.sock = conn # the _tunnel_host attribute was added in python 2.6.3 (via # http://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/0f57b30a152f) so pythons 2.6(0-2) do # not have them. if getattr(self, '_tunnel_host', None): # TODO: Fix tunnel so it doesn't depend on self.sock state. self._tunnel() # Mark this connection as not reusable self.auto_open = 0 def connect(self): conn = self._new_conn() self._prepare_conn(conn) def request_chunked(self, method, url, body=None, headers=None): """ Alternative to the common request method, which sends the body with chunked encoding and not as one block """ headers = HTTPHeaderDict(headers if headers is not None else {}) skip_accept_encoding = 'accept-encoding' in headers skip_host = 'host' in headers self.putrequest( method, url, skip_accept_encoding=skip_accept_encoding, skip_host=skip_host ) for header, value in headers.items(): self.putheader(header, value) if 'transfer-encoding' not in headers: self.putheader('Transfer-Encoding', 'chunked') self.endheaders() if body is not None: stringish_types = six.string_types + (six.binary_type,) if isinstance(body, stringish_types): body = (body,) for chunk in body: if not chunk: continue if not isinstance(chunk, six.binary_type): chunk = chunk.encode('utf8') len_str = hex(len(chunk))[2:] self.send(len_str.encode('utf-8')) self.send(b'\r\n') self.send(chunk) self.send(b'\r\n') # After the if clause, to always have a closed body self.send(b'0\r\n\r\n') class HTTPSConnection(HTTPConnection): default_port = port_by_scheme['https'] ssl_version = None def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None, strict=None, timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, ssl_context=None, **kw): HTTPConnection.__init__(self, host, port, strict=strict, timeout=timeout, **kw) self.key_file = key_file self.cert_file = cert_file self.ssl_context = ssl_context # Required property for Google AppEngine 1.9.0 which otherwise causes # HTTPS requests to go out as HTTP. (See Issue #356) self._protocol = 'https' def connect(self): conn = self._new_conn() self._prepare_conn(conn) if self.ssl_context is None: self.ssl_context = create_urllib3_context( ssl_version=resolve_ssl_version(None), cert_reqs=resolve_cert_reqs(None), ) self.sock = ssl_wrap_socket( sock=conn, keyfile=self.key_file, certfile=self.cert_file, ssl_context=self.ssl_context, ) class VerifiedHTTPSConnection(HTTPSConnection): """ Based on httplib.HTTPSConnection but wraps the socket with SSL certification. """ cert_reqs = None ca_certs = None ca_cert_dir = None ssl_version = None assert_fingerprint = None def set_cert(self, key_file=None, cert_file=None, cert_reqs=None, ca_certs=None, assert_hostname=None, assert_fingerprint=None, ca_cert_dir=None): """ This method should only be called once, before the connection is used. """ # If cert_reqs is not provided, we can try to guess. If the user gave # us a cert database, we assume they want to use it: otherwise, if # they gave us an SSL Context object we should use whatever is set for # it. if cert_reqs is None: if ca_certs or ca_cert_dir: cert_reqs = 'CERT_REQUIRED' elif self.ssl_context is not None: cert_reqs = self.ssl_context.verify_mode self.key_file = key_file self.cert_file = cert_file self.cert_reqs = cert_reqs self.assert_hostname = assert_hostname self.assert_fingerprint = assert_fingerprint self.ca_certs = ca_certs and os.path.expanduser(ca_certs) self.ca_cert_dir = ca_cert_dir and os.path.expanduser(ca_cert_dir) def connect(self): # Add certificate verification conn = self._new_conn() hostname = self.host if getattr(self, '_tunnel_host', None): # _tunnel_host was added in Python 2.6.3 # (See: http://hg.python.org/cpython/rev/0f57b30a152f) self.sock = conn # Calls self._set_hostport(), so self.host is # self._tunnel_host below. self._tunnel() # Mark this connection as not reusable self.auto_open = 0 # Override the host with the one we're requesting data from. hostname = self._tunnel_host is_time_off = datetime.date.today() < RECENT_DATE if is_time_off: warnings.warn(( 'System time is way off (before {0}). This will probably ' 'lead to SSL verification errors').format(RECENT_DATE), SystemTimeWarning ) # Wrap socket using verification with the root certs in # trusted_root_certs if self.ssl_context is None: self.ssl_context = create_urllib3_context( ssl_version=resolve_ssl_version(self.ssl_version), cert_reqs=resolve_cert_reqs(self.cert_reqs), ) context = self.ssl_context context.verify_mode = resolve_cert_reqs(self.cert_reqs) self.sock = ssl_wrap_socket( sock=conn, keyfile=self.key_file, certfile=self.cert_file, ca_certs=self.ca_certs, ca_cert_dir=self.ca_cert_dir, server_hostname=hostname, ssl_context=context) if self.assert_fingerprint: assert_fingerprint(self.sock.getpeercert(binary_form=True), self.assert_fingerprint) elif context.verify_mode != ssl.CERT_NONE \ and not getattr(context, 'check_hostname', False) \ and self.assert_hostname is not False: # While urllib3 attempts to always turn off hostname matching from # the TLS library, this cannot always be done. So we check whether # the TLS Library still thinks it's matching hostnames. cert = self.sock.getpeercert() if not cert.get('subjectAltName', ()): warnings.warn(( 'Certificate for {0} has no `subjectAltName`, falling back to check for a ' '`commonName` for now. This feature is being removed by major browsers and ' 'deprecated by RFC 2818. (See https://github.com/shazow/urllib3/issues/497 ' 'for details.)'.format(hostname)), SubjectAltNameWarning ) _match_hostname(cert, self.assert_hostname or hostname) self.is_verified = ( context.verify_mode == ssl.CERT_REQUIRED or self.assert_fingerprint is not None ) def _match_hostname(cert, asserted_hostname): try: match_hostname(cert, asserted_hostname) except CertificateError as e: log.error( 'Certificate did not match expected hostname: %s. ' 'Certificate: %s', asserted_hostname, cert ) # Add cert to exception and reraise so client code can inspect # the cert when catching the exception, if they want to e._peer_cert = cert raise if ssl: # Make a copy for testing. UnverifiedHTTPSConnection = HTTPSConnection HTTPSConnection = VerifiedHTTPSConnection else: HTTPSConnection = DummyConnection