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color.py
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""" Color definitions are used as per CSS3 specification: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#svg-color A few colors have multiple names referring to the sames colors, eg. `grey` and `gray` or `aqua` and `cyan`. In these cases the LAST color when sorted alphabetically takes preferences, eg. Color((0, 255, 255)).as_named() == 'cyan' because "cyan" comes after "aqua". """ import math import re from colorsys import hls_to_rgb, rgb_to_hls from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast from .errors import ColorError from .utils import Representation, almost_equal_floats if TYPE_CHECKING: from .typing import CallableGenerator, ReprArgs ColorTuple = Union[Tuple[int, int, int], Tuple[int, int, int, float]] ColorType = Union[ColorTuple, str] HslColorTuple = Union[Tuple[float, float, float], Tuple[float, float, float, float]] class RGBA: """ Internal use only as a representation of a color. """ __slots__ = 'r', 'g', 'b', 'alpha', '_tuple' def __init__(self, r: float, g: float, b: float, alpha: Optional[float]): self.r = r self.g = g self.b = b self.alpha = alpha self._tuple: Tuple[float, float, float, Optional[float]] = (r, g, b, alpha) def __getitem__(self, item: Any) -> Any: return self._tuple[item] # these are not compiled here to avoid import slowdown, they'll be compiled the first time they're used, then cached r_hex_short = r'\s*(?:#|0x)?([0-9a-f])([0-9a-f])([0-9a-f])([0-9a-f])?\s*' r_hex_long = r'\s*(?:#|0x)?([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})([0-9a-f]{2})?\s*' _r_255 = r'(\d{1,3}(?:\.\d+)?)' _r_comma = r'\s*,\s*' r_rgb = fr'\s*rgb\(\s*{_r_255}{_r_comma}{_r_255}{_r_comma}{_r_255}\)\s*' _r_alpha = r'(\d(?:\.\d+)?|\.\d+|\d{1,2}%)' r_rgba = fr'\s*rgba\(\s*{_r_255}{_r_comma}{_r_255}{_r_comma}{_r_255}{_r_comma}{_r_alpha}\s*\)\s*' _r_h = r'(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?|-?\.\d+)(deg|rad|turn)?' _r_sl = r'(\d{1,3}(?:\.\d+)?)%' r_hsl = fr'\s*hsl\(\s*{_r_h}{_r_comma}{_r_sl}{_r_comma}{_r_sl}\s*\)\s*' r_hsla = fr'\s*hsl\(\s*{_r_h}{_r_comma}{_r_sl}{_r_comma}{_r_sl}{_r_comma}{_r_alpha}\s*\)\s*' # colors where the two hex characters are the same, if all colors match this the short version of hex colors can be used repeat_colors = {int(c * 2, 16) for c in '0123456789abcdef'} rads = 2 * math.pi class Color(Representation): __slots__ = '_original', '_rgba' def __init__(self, value: ColorType) -> None: self._rgba: RGBA self._original: ColorType if isinstance(value, (tuple, list)): self._rgba = parse_tuple(value) elif isinstance(value, str): self._rgba = parse_str(value) elif isinstance(value, Color): self._rgba = value._rgba value = value._original else: raise ColorError(reason='value must be a tuple, list or string') # if we've got here value must be a valid color self._original = value @classmethod def __modify_schema__(cls, field_schema: Dict[str, Any]) -> None: field_schema.update(type='string', format='color') def original(self) -> ColorType: """ Original value passed to Color """ return self._original def as_named(self, *, fallback: bool = False) -> str: if self._rgba.alpha is None: rgb = cast(Tuple[int, int, int], self.as_rgb_tuple()) try: return COLORS_BY_VALUE[rgb] except KeyError as e: if fallback: return self.as_hex() else: raise ValueError('no named color found, use fallback=True, as_hex() or as_rgb()') from e else: return self.as_hex() def as_hex(self) -> str: """ Hex string representing the color can be 3, 4, 6 or 8 characters depending on whether the string a "short" representation of the color is possible and whether there's an alpha channel. """ values = [float_to_255(c) for c in self._rgba[:3]] if self._rgba.alpha is not None: values.append(float_to_255(self._rgba.alpha)) as_hex = ''.join(f'{v:02x}' for v in values) if all(c in repeat_colors for c in values): as_hex = ''.join(as_hex[c] for c in range(0, len(as_hex), 2)) return '#' + as_hex def as_rgb(self) -> str: """ Color as an rgb(<r>, <g>, <b>) or rgba(<r>, <g>, <b>, <a>) string. """ if self._rgba.alpha is None: return f'rgb({float_to_255(self._rgba.r)}, {float_to_255(self._rgba.g)}, {float_to_255(self._rgba.b)})' else: return ( f'rgba({float_to_255(self._rgba.r)}, {float_to_255(self._rgba.g)}, {float_to_255(self._rgba.b)}, ' f'{round(self._alpha_float(), 2)})' ) def as_rgb_tuple(self, *, alpha: Optional[bool] = None) -> ColorTuple: """ Color as an RGB or RGBA tuple; red, green and blue are in the range 0 to 255, alpha if included is in the range 0 to 1. :param alpha: whether to include the alpha channel, options are None - (default) include alpha only if it's set (e.g. not None) True - always include alpha, False - always omit alpha, """ r, g, b = (float_to_255(c) for c in self._rgba[:3]) if alpha is None: if self._rgba.alpha is None: return r, g, b else: return r, g, b, self._alpha_float() elif alpha: return r, g, b, self._alpha_float() else: # alpha is False return r, g, b def as_hsl(self) -> str: """ Color as an hsl(<h>, <s>, <l>) or hsl(<h>, <s>, <l>, <a>) string. """ if self._rgba.alpha is None: h, s, li = self.as_hsl_tuple(alpha=False) # type: ignore return f'hsl({h * 360:0.0f}, {s:0.0%}, {li:0.0%})' else: h, s, li, a = self.as_hsl_tuple(alpha=True) # type: ignore return f'hsl({h * 360:0.0f}, {s:0.0%}, {li:0.0%}, {round(a, 2)})' def as_hsl_tuple(self, *, alpha: Optional[bool] = None) -> HslColorTuple: """ Color as an HSL or HSLA tuple, e.g. hue, saturation, lightness and optionally alpha; all elements are in the range 0 to 1. NOTE: this is HSL as used in HTML and most other places, not HLS as used in python's colorsys. :param alpha: whether to include the alpha channel, options are None - (default) include alpha only if it's set (e.g. not None) True - always include alpha, False - always omit alpha, """ h, l, s = rgb_to_hls(self._rgba.r, self._rgba.g, self._rgba.b) if alpha is None: if self._rgba.alpha is None: return h, s, l else: return h, s, l, self._alpha_float() if alpha: return h, s, l, self._alpha_float() else: # alpha is False return h, s, l def _alpha_float(self) -> float: return 1 if self._rgba.alpha is None else self._rgba.alpha @classmethod def __get_validators__(cls) -> 'CallableGenerator': yield cls def __str__(self) -> str: return self.as_named(fallback=True) def __repr_args__(self) -> 'ReprArgs': return [(None, self.as_named(fallback=True))] + [('rgb', self.as_rgb_tuple())] # type: ignore def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool: return isinstance(other, Color) and self.as_rgb_tuple() == other.as_rgb_tuple() def __hash__(self) -> int: return hash(self.as_rgb_tuple()) def parse_tuple(value: Tuple[Any, ...]) -> RGBA: """ Parse a tuple or list as a color. """ if len(value) == 3: r, g, b = (parse_color_value(v) for v in value) return RGBA(r, g, b, None) elif len(value) == 4: r, g, b = (parse_color_value(v) for v in value[:3]) return RGBA(r, g, b, parse_float_alpha(value[3])) else: raise ColorError(reason='tuples must have length 3 or 4') def parse_str(value: str) -> RGBA: """ Parse a string to an RGBA tuple, trying the following formats (in this order): * named color, see COLORS_BY_NAME below * hex short eg. `<prefix>fff` (prefix can be `#`, `0x` or nothing) * hex long eg. `<prefix>ffffff` (prefix can be `#`, `0x` or nothing) * `rgb(<r>, <g>, <b>) ` * `rgba(<r>, <g>, <b>, <a>)` """ value_lower = value.lower() try: r, g, b = COLORS_BY_NAME[value_lower] except KeyError: pass else: return ints_to_rgba(r, g, b, None) m = re.fullmatch(r_hex_short, value_lower) if m: *rgb, a = m.groups() r, g, b = (int(v * 2, 16) for v in rgb) if a: alpha: Optional[float] = int(a * 2, 16) / 255 else: alpha = None return ints_to_rgba(r, g, b, alpha) m = re.fullmatch(r_hex_long, value_lower) if m: *rgb, a = m.groups() r, g, b = (int(v, 16) for v in rgb) if a: alpha = int(a, 16) / 255 else: alpha = None return ints_to_rgba(r, g, b, alpha) m = re.fullmatch(r_rgb, value_lower) if m: return ints_to_rgba(*m.groups(), None) # type: ignore m = re.fullmatch(r_rgba, value_lower) if m: return ints_to_rgba(*m.groups()) # type: ignore m = re.fullmatch(r_hsl, value_lower) if m: h, h_units, s, l_ = m.groups() return parse_hsl(h, h_units, s, l_) m = re.fullmatch(r_hsla, value_lower) if m: h, h_units, s, l_, a = m.groups() return parse_hsl(h, h_units, s, l_, parse_float_alpha(a)) raise ColorError(reason='string not recognised as a valid color') def ints_to_rgba(r: Union[int, str], g: Union[int, str], b: Union[int, str], alpha: Optional[float]) -> RGBA: return RGBA(parse_color_value(r), parse_color_value(g), parse_color_value(b), parse_float_alpha(alpha)) def parse_color_value(value: Union[int, str], max_val: int = 255) -> float: """ Parse a value checking it's a valid int in the range 0 to max_val and divide by max_val to give a number in the range 0 to 1 """ try: color = float(value) except ValueError: raise ColorError(reason='color values must be a valid number') if 0 <= color <= max_val: return color / max_val else: raise ColorError(reason=f'color values must be in the range 0 to {max_val}') def parse_float_alpha(value: Union[None, str, float, int]) -> Optional[float]: """ Parse a value checking it's a valid float in the range 0 to 1 """ if value is None: return None try: if isinstance(value, str) and value.endswith('%'): alpha = float(value[:-1]) / 100 else: alpha = float(value) except ValueError: raise ColorError(reason='alpha values must be a valid float') if almost_equal_floats(alpha, 1): return None elif 0 <= alpha <= 1: return alpha else: raise ColorError(reason='alpha values must be in the range 0 to 1') def parse_hsl(h: str, h_units: str, sat: str, light: str, alpha: Optional[float] = None) -> RGBA: """ Parse raw hue, saturation, lightness and alpha values and convert to RGBA. """ s_value, l_value = parse_color_value(sat, 100), parse_color_value(light, 100) h_value = float(h) if h_units in {None, 'deg'}: h_value = h_value % 360 / 360 elif h_units == 'rad': h_value = h_value % rads / rads else: # turns h_value = h_value % 1 r, g, b = hls_to_rgb(h_value, l_value, s_value) return RGBA(r, g, b, alpha) def float_to_255(c: float) -> int: return int(round(c * 255)) COLORS_BY_NAME = { 'aliceblue': (240, 248, 255), 'antiquewhite': (250, 235, 215), 'aqua': (0, 255, 255), 'aquamarine': (127, 255, 212), 'azure': (240, 255, 255), 'beige': (245, 245, 220), 'bisque': (255, 228, 196), 'black': (0, 0, 0), 'blanchedalmond': (255, 235, 205), 'blue': (0, 0, 255), 'blueviolet': (138, 43, 226), 'brown': (165, 42, 42), 'burlywood': (222, 184, 135), 'cadetblue': (95, 158, 160), 'chartreuse': (127, 255, 0), 'chocolate': (210, 105, 30), 'coral': (255, 127, 80), 'cornflowerblue': (100, 149, 237), 'cornsilk': (255, 248, 220), 'crimson': (220, 20, 60), 'cyan': (0, 255, 255), 'darkblue': (0, 0, 139), 'darkcyan': (0, 139, 139), 'darkgoldenrod': (184, 134, 11), 'darkgray': (169, 169, 169), 'darkgreen': (0, 100, 0), 'darkgrey': (169, 169, 169), 'darkkhaki': (189, 183, 107), 'darkmagenta': (139, 0, 139), 'darkolivegreen': (85, 107, 47), 'darkorange': (255, 140, 0), 'darkorchid': (153, 50, 204), 'darkred': (139, 0, 0), 'darksalmon': (233, 150, 122), 'darkseagreen': (143, 188, 143), 'darkslateblue': (72, 61, 139), 'darkslategray': (47, 79, 79), 'darkslategrey': (47, 79, 79), 'darkturquoise': (0, 206, 209), 'darkviolet': (148, 0, 211), 'deeppink': (255, 20, 147), 'deepskyblue': (0, 191, 255), 'dimgray': (105, 105, 105), 'dimgrey': (105, 105, 105), 'dodgerblue': (30, 144, 255), 'firebrick': (178, 34, 34), 'floralwhite': (255, 250, 240), 'forestgreen': (34, 139, 34), 'fuchsia': (255, 0, 255), 'gainsboro': (220, 220, 220), 'ghostwhite': (248, 248, 255), 'gold': (255, 215, 0), 'goldenrod': (218, 165, 32), 'gray': (128, 128, 128), 'green': (0, 128, 0), 'greenyellow': (173, 255, 47), 'grey': (128, 128, 128), 'honeydew': (240, 255, 240), 'hotpink': (255, 105, 180), 'indianred': (205, 92, 92), 'indigo': (75, 0, 130), 'ivory': (255, 255, 240), 'khaki': (240, 230, 140), 'lavender': (230, 230, 250), 'lavenderblush': (255, 240, 245), 'lawngreen': (124, 252, 0), 'lemonchiffon': (255, 250, 205), 'lightblue': (173, 216, 230), 'lightcoral': (240, 128, 128), 'lightcyan': (224, 255, 255), 'lightgoldenrodyellow': (250, 250, 210), 'lightgray': (211, 211, 211), 'lightgreen': (144, 238, 144), 'lightgrey': (211, 211, 211), 'lightpink': (255, 182, 193), 'lightsalmon': (255, 160, 122), 'lightseagreen': (32, 178, 170), 'lightskyblue': (135, 206, 250), 'lightslategray': (119, 136, 153), 'lightslategrey': (119, 136, 153), 'lightsteelblue': (176, 196, 222), 'lightyellow': (255, 255, 224), 'lime': (0, 255, 0), 'limegreen': (50, 205, 50), 'linen': (250, 240, 230), 'magenta': (255, 0, 255), 'maroon': (128, 0, 0), 'mediumaquamarine': (102, 205, 170), 'mediumblue': (0, 0, 205), 'mediumorchid': (186, 85, 211), 'mediumpurple': (147, 112, 219), 'mediumseagreen': (60, 179, 113), 'mediumslateblue': (123, 104, 238), 'mediumspringgreen': (0, 250, 154), 'mediumturquoise': (72, 209, 204), 'mediumvioletred': (199, 21, 133), 'midnightblue': (25, 25, 112), 'mintcream': (245, 255, 250), 'mistyrose': (255, 228, 225), 'moccasin': (255, 228, 181), 'navajowhite': (255, 222, 173), 'navy': (0, 0, 128), 'oldlace': (253, 245, 230), 'olive': (128, 128, 0), 'olivedrab': (107, 142, 35), 'orange': (255, 165, 0), 'orangered': (255, 69, 0), 'orchid': (218, 112, 214), 'palegoldenrod': (238, 232, 170), 'palegreen': (152, 251, 152), 'paleturquoise': (175, 238, 238), 'palevioletred': (219, 112, 147), 'papayawhip': (255, 239, 213), 'peachpuff': (255, 218, 185), 'peru': (205, 133, 63), 'pink': (255, 192, 203), 'plum': (221, 160, 221), 'powderblue': (176, 224, 230), 'purple': (128, 0, 128), 'red': (255, 0, 0), 'rosybrown': (188, 143, 143), 'royalblue': (65, 105, 225), 'saddlebrown': (139, 69, 19), 'salmon': (250, 128, 114), 'sandybrown': (244, 164, 96), 'seagreen': (46, 139, 87), 'seashell': (255, 245, 238), 'sienna': (160, 82, 45), 'silver': (192, 192, 192), 'skyblue': (135, 206, 235), 'slateblue': (106, 90, 205), 'slategray': (112, 128, 144), 'slategrey': (112, 128, 144), 'snow': (255, 250, 250), 'springgreen': (0, 255, 127), 'steelblue': (70, 130, 180), 'tan': (210, 180, 140), 'teal': (0, 128, 128), 'thistle': (216, 191, 216), 'tomato': (255, 99, 71), 'turquoise': (64, 224, 208), 'violet': (238, 130, 238), 'wheat': (245, 222, 179), 'white': (255, 255, 255), 'whitesmoke': (245, 245, 245), 'yellow': (255, 255, 0), 'yellowgreen': (154, 205, 50), } COLORS_BY_VALUE = {v: k for k, v in COLORS_BY_NAME.items()}